Design of drains French

French drains are simple channels for drainage of excess water from a deep, where water stagnates at a point of outlet. Design of drains French without tubes put is relatively simple and requires no special technical skills. The breadth and depth of a French drain, depends largely on the quantity of water from the wetland to be drained and can find a rule of thumb, or by some studies. If the discharges are not properly excavatedadditional drains can with the connections between the existing sewerage network to download the extra water should be mixed.

The Design of French Drains perforated drainage pipes of reception is more difficult and requires an appropriate level of technical expertise. Flow in a French drain of this type is directly proportional to what is known as the "effective radius" and the conductivity "effective" soil, placed in flight. A typical tube of 4 mm in diameter and effectiveRadius of about ½ ". The number and spacing of the holes in the tube and the position of the tube that contribute to the flow characteristics of water in the tube. The flow velocity in the direction depends on the shape of the trench and in general, from the bottom and leaves the area relatively close to the flight. The flight must, of course, with material favorable to the river, more complete and in the surrounding terrain.

Flow in the pipe will be lowered through the floorThe migration of particles in it. For this reason, using both hard granite broken stone, gravel or small. Geotextile material reduces this problem mostly when wound, as the lining of the collector to the sides and bottom of the tube.

A detailed discussion of the complete design of a flight of French and did a lot to do the calculations and literature for this is abundant. The design in these cases, consideration of the inclusion offollowing criteria:

> Amount of rain and storm distribution

> Catchment size, shape and orientation, land cover, soil type,

> Slopes of soil and stream (s)

> History humid conditions,

> Potential storage (overbank, ponds, wetlands, ponds, canals, etc.)

> Potential for development of river basins and

> Type of precipitation (rain, snow, hail, or combinations thereof), altitude.

The tendency is tosimplify the design, as in the case must be emptied by a relatively small part of the territory, taking into account the points mentioned above. The design of a French drain for a specific location is not suitable and the other technical aspects, a quantity large enough for "common sense" is necessary, the following observations.

key of Civil Engineering Reclamation